GRRM: Group Relative Reward Modeling for Machine Translation

arXiv:2602.14028 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-02-15 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-02-15

Updated: 2026-09-01

Code: https://github.com/NJUNLP/GRRM

Terminology

• GRPO — 62× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Accuracy — 26× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Machine Translation — 22× in this paper
• Benchmark — 17× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 11× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Generalization — 10× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 10× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Group Quality Metric — 9× in this paper
• Reinforcement Learning — 8× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Ablation — 7× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Reward Hacking — 6× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Group Relative Reward Model — 5× in this paper
• Fine-Tuning — 4× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Hallucination — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Ablation Studies — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• LLM judge — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Trace — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation study — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Core — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Cross-Lingual Augmentation — 2× in this paper
• Regularization — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Scalar Quality Metrics — 2× in this paper
• Supervised Fine-Tuning — 2× in this paper
• Verifier — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• While Group Relative Policy Optimization — 2× in this paper
• Adaptation — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmarking — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Bradley-Terry model — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Chain-of-Thought (CoT) — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Chain-of-Thought (CoT) Reasoning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Clustering — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Data Augmentation — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Distribution Shift — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing — 1× in this paper
• Failure Modes — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Fidelity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• GRPO Objective — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Instruction Tuning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• KL Regularization — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Multidimensional Quality Metric — 1× in this paper
• Myers-Briggs Type Indicator — 1× in this paper
• Reward Function — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Self-consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) — 1× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Verifiable Rewards — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Tower: An Open Multilingual Large Language Model for Translation-Related Tasks
• Evaluating o1-Like LLMs: Unlocking Reasoning for Translation through Comprehensive Analysis
• Seed-X: Building Strong Multilingual Translation LLM with 7B Parameters
• Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilities
• WMT24++: Expanding the Language Coverage of WMT24 to 55 Languages & Dialects
• Tulu 3: Pushing Frontiers in Open Language Model Post-Training
• New Trends for Modern Machine Translation with Large Reasoning Models
• Experts, Errors, and Context: A Large-Scale Study of Human Evaluation for Machine Translation
• PairJudge RM: Perform Best-of-N Sampling with Knockout Tournament
• DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning
• Understanding R1-Zero-Like Training: A Critical Perspective
• Generative Reward Models
• Reward Reasoning Model
• R1-T1: Fully Incentivizing Translation Capability in LLMs via Reasoning Learning
• SSR-Zero: Simple Self-Rewarding Reinforcement Learning for Machine Translation
• DAPO: An Open-Source LLM Reinforcement Learning System at Scale
• DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models
• LLM Reasoning for Machine Translation: Synthetic Data Generation over Thinking Tokens
• Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models
• Group Sequence Policy Optimization

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