Beyond Bag-of-Words: Diagnosing Compositional Binding Failures in Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2602.02043 · cs.CV, cs.AI · Submitted 2026-02-02 · Read on arXiv

cs.CV, cs.AI

Submitted: 2026-02-02

Updated: 2026-09-25

Terminology

• Benchmark — 118× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 11× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Core — 8× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 6× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Fidelity — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative Model — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Vision-Language Models (VLMs) — 3× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Ablation Studies — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Adam — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Diffusion Model — 2× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Diffusion Models — 2× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Latent Diffusion Model — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Latent Diffusion Models — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Rectified Flow — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Transformer — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmarking — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Failure Modes — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Flow Matching — 1× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Foundation Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Foundation Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Generalizability — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Generative Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Grounding — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Latent Space — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Lexical Diversity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Model-Agnostic — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Segmentation Masks — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Semantic Similarity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Semantic Understanding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Structural Constraints — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Structural Control — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Synthetic Data Generation — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Text-to-Image Faithfulness Assessment — 1× in this paper
• World Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes

Sources

• Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents
• CIVET: Systematic Evaluation of Understanding in VLMs
• SigLIP 2: Multilingual Vision-Language Encoders with Improved Semantic Understanding, Localization, and Dense Features
• Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report
• SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesis

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