Towards Multi-modal Multi-turn Safety: From Agentic Interaction to Strategic Alignment

arXiv:2601.04736 · cs.CL · Submitted 2026-01-08 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL

Submitted: 2026-01-08

Updated: 2026-09-03

Terminology

• GRPO — 48× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Alignment — 44× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmark — 36× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Adam — 14× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 10× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Ablation — 5× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Reward Function — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation study — 4× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Reinforcement Learning — 4× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Robustness — 4× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Steering — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Alignment Methods — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Attack Success Rate — 3× in this paper
• Attack Success Rate (ASR) — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Actor — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Proximal Policy Optimization — 2× in this paper
• Accuracy — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Attention Mechanism — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Direct Preference Optimization — 1× in this paper
• Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) — 1× in this paper · explained in 9 episodes
• Elias — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Foundation Model — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Foundation Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Generative AI — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Group Relative Policy Optimization — 1× in this paper
• Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Hallucination — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• In-Context Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• LLM judge — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Multimodal Dataset — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Pairwise Comparisons — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning (RL) — 1× in this paper · explained in 24 episodes
• Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) — 1× in this paper · explained in 8 episodes
• Transformer — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer Architecture — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• MTSA: Multi-turn Safety Alignment for LLMs through Multi-round Red-teaming
• MMDU: A Multi-Turn Multi-Image Dialog Understanding Benchmark and Instruction-Tuning Dataset for LVLMs
• Inter-GPS: Interpretable Geometry Problem Solving with Formal Language and Symbolic Reasoning
• MathVista: Evaluating Mathematical Reasoning of Foundation Models in Visual Contexts
• SafeBench: A Safety Evaluation Framework for Multimodal Large Language Models

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