VLM2GeoVec: Toward Universal Multimodal Embeddings for Remote Sensing

arXiv:2512.11490 · cs.CV, cs.IR · Submitted 2025-12-12 · Read on arXiv

cs.CV, cs.IR

Submitted: 2025-12-12

Updated: 2026-09-23

Terminology

• Remote Sensing — 43× in this paper
• Grounding — 29× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Benchmark — 28× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Visual Grounding — 21× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Embeddings — 15× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation — 8× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Accuracy — 8× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Contrastive Learning — 7× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Adaptation — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Alignment — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Foundation Model — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Ablation study — 3× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Domain Adaptation — 3× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Instruction Tuning — 3× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• LoRA Adapters — 3× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Abundance — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Cosine Similarity — 2× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Generative Model — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generative Models — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Semantic Understanding — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ablation Studies — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• AdamW Optimizer — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Benchmarking — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Clustering — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Domain Shift — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Few-Shot Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Foundation Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Late Fusion — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Multimodal Inputs — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Multimodal Integration — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Multimodal Reasoning — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Predictive Coding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Regularization — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Representation Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Semantic Alignment — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Semi-supervised Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Temporal Reasoning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• E5-V: Universal Embeddings with Multimodal Large Language Models
• Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone
• GPT-4 Technical Report
• A Survey of State of the Art Large Vision Language Models: Alignment, Benchmark, Evaluations and Challenges
• Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization
• SkySenseGPT: A Fine-Grained Instruction Tuning Dataset and Model for Remote Sensing Vision-Language Understanding
• Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolution
• GeoGround: A Unified Large Vision-Language Model for Remote Sensing Visual Grounding

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