AI Annotation Orchestration: Evaluating LLM verifiers to Improve the Quality of LLM Annotations in Learning Analytics

arXiv:2511.09785 · cs.AI · Submitted 2025-11-12 · Read on arXiv

cs.AI

Submitted: 2025-11-12

Updated: 2026-01-28

Terminology

• Verification — 105× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Verifier — 28× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Learning Analytics — 22× in this paper
• Alignment — 10× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• LLM-as-a-Judge — 7× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Calibration — 4× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Consistency — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Scaffolding — 4× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Transformer — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 3× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Accountability — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Active Learning — 2× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Benchmark — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Interpretability — 2× in this paper · explained in 15 episodes
• Self-consistency — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Trace — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Annotator Agreement — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Clustering — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Computational overhead — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generalizability — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Generative AI — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Hallucination — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Human-in-the-Loop — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Iterative Refinement — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Language Resources and Evaluation Conference — 1× in this paper
• Metacognition — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Model-Agnostic — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Natural Language Processing — 1× in this paper
• Pairwise Comparisons — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Reinforcement Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes

Sources

• Improving Factuality and Reasoning in Language Models through Multiagent Debate
• Automated Consistency Analysis of LLMs
• Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learning
• Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Models
• A Survey on LLM-as-a-Judge
• WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agents

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