Human Psychometric Questionnaires Mischaracterize LLM Behavior

arXiv:2509.10078 · cs.CL, cs.AI · Submitted 2025-09-12 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.AI

Submitted: 2025-09-12

Updated: 2026-09-02

Comments: Accepted at EMNLP 2026 (Main)

License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

Terminology

• Cosine Similarity — 21× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Clustering — 15× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Value Portrait — 11× in this paper
• Alignment — 9× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• European Social Survey — 7× in this paper
• Persona Prompting — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Aggregation — 5× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Consistency — 5× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Accuracy — 4× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Embeddings — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• F1 Score — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Downstream Tasks — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Homogeneity — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Robustness — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Trace — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Benchmark — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fidelity — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Generalizability — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Large Language Models (LLMs) — 1× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain — 1× in this paper
• Quantization — 1× in this paper · explained in 12 episodes
• Redundancy — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Is Self-knowledge and Action Consistent or Not: Investigating Large Language Model's Personality
• The Personality Illusion: Revealing Dissociation Between Self-Reports & Behavior in LLMs
• Evaluating Alignment of Behavioral Dispositions in LLMs
• Large Language Models Show Human-like Social Desirability Biases in Survey Responses
• Personality Traits in Large Language Models

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