Open Data from LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA through the First Part of the Fourth Observing Run

arXiv:2508.18079 · gr-qc, astro-ph.HE · Submitted 2025-08-25 · Read on arXiv

gr-qc, astro-ph.HE

Submitted: 2025-08-25

Updated: 2026-09-16

Comments: 26 pages. The version updates Table 3, updates the author list, removes one figure, and updates some text for clarity and grammar

Journal ref: The Astrophysical Journal, 2026, Volume 1004, Number 2, Page 232

DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae211e

Code: https://github.com/gwosc-tutorial/introduction_gwosc_

Project page: https://gwosc.org

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

The gist: LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA form a network of gravitational-wave observatories.

Terminology

• Calibration — 26× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• National Astronomical Observatory of Japan — 5× in this paper
• Gravitational Wave Open Science Center — 4× in this paper
• Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog — 4× in this paper
• Academia Sinica — 2× in this paper
• Core — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• LIGO Hanford Observatory — 2× in this paper
• Alignment — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• European Gravitational Observatory — 1× in this paper
• National Science and Technology Council — 1× in this paper
• Open Science Data Federation — 1× in this paper
• Provenance — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology — 1× in this paper

Abstract

Sources

• GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog
• GWTC-4.0: Updating the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog with Observations from the First Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run
• GWTC-4.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients
• All-sky search for short gravitational-wave bursts in the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
• Photon Calibration Performance of KAGRA during the 4th Joint Observing Run (O4)
• GW231123: a Binary Black Hole Merger with Total Mass 190-265 $M_{\odot}$
• Performance of iDQ ahead of LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA's fourth observing run
• Characterization of systematic error in Advanced LIGO calibration in the second half of O3
• Toward Low-Latency, High-Fidelity Calibration of the LIGO Detectors with Enhanced Monitoring Tools

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