Medical Reasoning in the Era of LLMs: A Systematic Review of Enhancement Techniques and Applications
cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.CV, cs.LG
Submitted: 2025-08-01
Updated: 2026-09-03
Terminology
Sources
- HealthBench: Evaluating Large Language Models Towards Improved Human Health
- HuatuoGPT-o1, Towards Medical Complex Reasoning with LLMs
- CoD, Towards an Interpretable Medical Agent using Chain of Diagnosis
- MedRAX: Medical Reasoning Agent for Chest X-ray
- AI Hospital: Benchmarking Large Language Models in a Multi-agent Medical Interaction Simulator
- ChestX-Reasoner: Advancing Radiology Foundation Models with Reasoning through Step-by-Step Verification
- Inquire, Interact, and Integrate: A Proactive Agent Collaborative Framework for Zero-Shot Multimodal Medical Reasoning
- What Disease does this Patient Have? A Large-scale Open Domain Question Answering Dataset from Medical Exams
- Sequential Diagnosis with Language Models
- m1: Unleash the Potential of Test-Time Scaling for Medical Reasoning with Large Language Models
- On Diversified Preferences of Large Language Model Alignment
- O1 Replication Journey -- Part 3: Inference-time Scaling for Medical Reasoning
- Med-R1: Reinforcement Learning for Generalizable Medical Reasoning in Vision-Language Models
- Federated Learning: A Survey on Privacy-Preserving Collaborative Intelligence
- Agent Hospital: A Simulacrum of Hospital with Evolvable Medical Agents
- R2MED: A Benchmark for Reasoning-Driven Medical Retrieval
- RJUA-MedDQA: A Multimodal Benchmark for Medical Document Question Answering and Clinical Reasoning
- AOR: Anatomical Ontology-Guided Reasoning for Medical Large Multimodal Model in Chest X-Ray Interpretation
- GEMeX-RMCoT: An Enhanced Med-VQA Dataset for Region-Aware Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
- Knowledge-Augmented Multimodal Clinical Rationale Generation for Disease Diagnosis with Small Language Models
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