NaijaNLP: A Survey of Nigerian Low-Resource Languages

arXiv:2502.19784 · cs.CL, cs.AI · Submitted 2025-02-27 · Read on arXiv

cs.CL, cs.AI

Submitted: 2025-02-27

Updated: 2026-09-24

Code: https://github.com/ijdutse/naija-nlp

Terminology

• Low-Resource Languages — 51× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Machine Translation — 46× in this paper
• Natural Language Processing — 28× in this paper
• Downstream Tasks — 22× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Machine Learning — 16× in this paper
• Adam — 14× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transformer — 12× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Embeddings — 10× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Fine-Tuning — 9× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Benchmark — 7× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accuracy — 6× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Cross-lingual Transfer — 5× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transfer Learning — 5× in this paper · explained in 10 episodes
• Adaptation — 4× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Data Augmentation — 4× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Ontology — 4× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• International Journal of Computational Linguistics — 3× in this paper
• Alignment — 2× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Contrastive Learning — 2× in this paper · explained in 5 episodes
• Generative AI — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Information Technology for Education and Development — 2× in this paper
• Knowledge Graph — 2× in this paper · explained in 7 episodes
• Meta-learning — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Recurrent Neural Network — 2× in this paper
• Semantic Similarity — 2× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Accountability — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Active Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 6 episodes
• Advancements in Artificial Intelligence — 1× in this paper
• Analyzer — 1× in this paper · explained in 1 episode
• Attention Mechanism — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Clustering — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Consistency — 1× in this paper · explained in 3 episodes
• Contextual Understanding — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency — 1× in this paper
• Feature Extraction — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Few-Shot Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Generalization — 1× in this paper · explained in 13 episodes
• Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar — 1× in this paper
• Hybrid Approach — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• International Conference on Computing and Machine Intelligence — 1× in this paper
• Knowledge graphs — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Multimodal Dataset — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Multimodal approach — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Named Entity Recognition (NER) — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Representation Learning — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Tokenization — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Transferability — 1× in this paper · explained in 4 episodes
• Transformer Models — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes
• Using Statistical Machine Translation — 1× in this paper
• Vector Representations — 1× in this paper · explained in 2 episodes

Sources

• Hausa Visual Genome: A Dataset for Multi-Modal English to Hausa Machine Translation
• Correcting FLORES Evaluation Dataset for Four African Languages
• AfriHate: A Multilingual Collection of Hate Speech and Abusive Language Datasets for African Languages
• Towards Afrocentric NLP for African Languages: Where We Are and Where We Can Go
• Translating the Unseen? Yoruba-English MT in Low-Resource, Morphologically-Unmarked Settings
• AfroLID: A Neural Language Identification Tool for African Languages
• Distant Supervision and Noisy Label Learning for Low Resource Named Entity Recognition: A Study on Hausa and Yor\`ub'a
• MasakhaNEWS: News Topic Classification for African languages
• IrokoBench: A New Benchmark for African Languages in the Age of Large Language Models
• The Challenge of Diacritics in Yoruba Embeddings
• Voices Unheard: NLP Resources and Models for Yor\`ub'a Regional Dialects
• HausaMT v1.0: Towards English-Hausa Neural Machine Translation
• Yankari: A Monolingual Yoruba Dataset
• Adapting Pre-trained Language Models to African Languages via Multilingual Adaptive Fine-Tuning
• Analysis and representation of Igbo text document for a text-based system
• On the Properties of Neural Machine Translation: Encoder-Decoder Approaches
• Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale
• No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation
• OkwuGb'e: End-to-End Speech Recognition for Fon and Igbo
• AfroLM: A Self-Active Learning-based Multilingual Pretrained Language Model for 23 African Languages

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