Astrophysics papers — 2026-08-11

PDS 70 c and SR 12 c: Observational Constraints on Giant-Planet and Satellite Formation. This paper, "PDS 70 c and SR 12 c: Observational Constraints on Giant-Planet... Effects of Quantum Spin-Connection Foam in the Solar System, Galaxies, and the Universe. We argue that effects of the quantum spin-connection foam, which describes... ATLAS. III. Dust Around Little Red Dots: Hydrogen Line Ratios beyond Dust-free Non-Case B Models. This paper, the third in the Archival and Theoretical study of LRDs with AGN... Real-time observations of the transition to the quiescent state in an accreting magnetised neutron star: No propeller required?. The paper presents the first comprehensive, high-cadence monitoring campaign of... Torsional pseudo-inflation beyond Einstein-Cartan. This paper investigates whether torsion can sustain a quasi-de Sitter... Reconstruction of ASO-S/HXI Solar Flare Hard X-ray Source Images with Physics-Constrained Deep Networks. This paper, "Reconstruction of ASO-S/HXI Solar Flare Hard X-ray Source Images... Formation of multiple dust rings and gaps in protoplanetary discs by a single migrating planet. A parameter study in locally isothermal discs. This paper investigates whether a single migrating planet can produce the... Pulsation periods reveal tension between theoretical and empirical radii for classical Cepheids in eclipsing binary systems. The paper investigates whether the pulsation period of classical Cepheids in... A Diverse Distribution of Black Hole Spins from Stable Mass Transfer. Gravitational wave observations have found over 300 merging binary black holes,... Spectroscopic Binary Detection as Agent-Callable Tools: Detecting 40,000+ Main-Sequence Binary Candidates from SDSS DR19 APOGEE Spectra. Spectroscopic Binary Detection as Agent-Callable Tools: Detecting 40,000+... Toward a unified framework for helium observations and interpretation of atmospheric escape. This paper investigates the observation and interpretation of atmospheric... Exploring the long-term temporal variability in polarization through multi-epoch optical spectro-polarimetry - Part I: A sample of Herbig Ae/Be and classical Be stars. This paper reports a multi-epoch spectro-polarimetric monitoring campaign... Observational Insights into Post-Main-Sequence Rotation and Magnetism: 20 Years of Science, from the Subgiant to the White Dwarf Phase. This paper provides a brief overview of recent observational results and their... Solar-Cycle Modulation and Photospheric Magnetic Control of Turbulence in the Young Solar Wind. This paper investigates the solar-cycle modulation and photospheric magnetic... A new measurement of the FRB DM-galaxy cross correlation and a first joint analysis with the kinematic SZ effect. This paper presents a new measurement of the correlation between the dispersion... JWST Spectroscopy of Type Ia Supernova 2025rbs from Maximum Light to the Nebular Phase. We present JWST observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2025rbs (D = 14.5... Eclipses by Artificial Satellites to Measure the Angular Sizes of Stars. Eclipses by artificial satellites can be used to measure the angular sizes of... Two-Fluid Schwarzschild Solution. The paper presents the interior two-fluid Schwarzschild solution, a model for... Synchrotron-Regulated Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence: Emission, Polarization, and Faraday Rotation. This paper presents the first relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)... Wind-confined jet collimation revealed by the acceleration-phase photosphere of GRB 220426A. We analyze the prompt emission of the exceptionally bright GRB 220426A observed... Radiative Signatures from Warp Drives Traveling Through the Earth's Atmosphere. This paper investigates the observable signatures of zero-ADM-mass warp-drive... Early Exploration of the Scientific Discovery Space for the Habitable Worlds Observatory. Based on the paper, here is a detailed summary: The paper, "Early Exploration... Spectral Energy Distribution Analysis for Habitable Worlds Observatory Target Stars. The paper presents a spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis for the 164... Two new highly scattered fast radio bursts: evidence for scatter broadening by the circumsource medium. Two new highly scattered fast radio bursts: evidence for scatter broadening by... ATLAS22kjn (AT 2022fpx): A Coronal Line Emitter with an Early Light Curve Bump and Mid-Infrared Dust Echo. ATLAS22KJN (AT 2022FPX): A CORONAL LINE EMITTER WITH AN EARLY LIGHT CURVE BUMP... A Pair of Warm Saturn-mass Planets near the 2:1 Mean Motion Resonance around TOI-3850. The paper reports the detection and characterization of a multi-planet system... Estimating the local star formation rate density from ASKAP RACS. This paper presents a novel method to estimate the local star formation rate... Fine-tuning in mixed Dark Matter models with Primordial Black Hole relics. This paper investigates the fine-tuning of a tripartite dark matter (DM)... A Wandering 35,000-Solar-Mass Black Hole Fed by a Gravitational Wake. The paper reports the discovery of a wandering intermediate-mass black hole... The generalized second law as a thermodynamic selection criterion for dynamical dark energy. The generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics provides a general physical... Mapping the Inner Milky Way with Infrared-Derived Distances to AGB Stars. The paper "Mapping the Inner Milky Way with Infrared-Derived Distances to AGB... Evidence for Solar-Cycle Modulation of the Alpha-to-Proton Temperature Ratio in Solar Wind. This study provides observational evidence that the alpha-to-proton temperature... An Optically Motivated Gamma-ray Study of Fermi-LAT Novae. The study investigates the relationship between optical and gamma-ray emission... Exploring the long-term temporal variability in polarization through multi-epoch optical spectro-polarimetry - Part II: A sample of symbiotic and red-giant stars. This paper presents a multi-epoch optical spectro-polarimetric survey of a... Long-duration GW Searches for Sub-solar NSs and Superkilonovae using CoCoA. On 2025 August 18, the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA collaboration reported a... Numerous bow shocks in the outer Helix Nebula. Near the end of their lives, low- and intermediate-mass stars expel... Chemistry here and there: Comparison between the CMZ of the Milky Way and NGC 253. For decades, chemical studies in external galaxies have been limited by... Baryogenesis and CMB spectral distortion from Axions. The paper discusses a mechanism for generating baryon asymmetry in the early... Transmutation Timescales for Dark Matter Induced Collapse of Compact Stars into Black Holes. Ultra-heavy asymmetric dark matter (DM) particles captured by compact stars can... Intense but Harmless: Exo-Space Weather Around an M Dwarf with a Single-Hemisphere Dynamo. This paper presents three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of... Bernhard-1: An Eccentric Binary Periodically Obscured by its Misaligned Circumbinary Disk. Bernhard-1 is a proposed KH 15D-like circumbinary disk occultation (CBO)... Diameters and Temperatures VII: High-angular resolution measurements of Solar-type stars with the CHARA Array. We present interferometric measurements of angular diameters for 27 nearby... XRISM Spectroscopy of Variable Accretion-driven Disk Winds in NGC 4151: When, Where, and How Fast Outflows are Launched. The paper reports on a study of variable accretion-driven disk winds in the... SIRIUS Project: Dynamical Evolution of Primordial Binaries during Star Cluster Formation. Context. Fitting trends in quasar emission and absorption line redshifts. The spectrum of a quasar consists of a few emission lines whose wavelengths are... Evidence for Enhancement in the Rate of Fast Radio Bursts Toward Galaxy Clusters. The paper demonstrates that the second CHIME/FRB baseband catalog contains Fast... Magnetic fields in extreme primordial halos: turbulent collapse and implications for early quasar formation. This paper explores the evolution of magnetic fields in an extreme primordial... Opposition effect of comet 28P/Neujmin observed with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam. The paper presents an observational study of the nucleus of comet 28P/Neujmin... Electromagnetic responses driven by gravitational-wave memory in magnetar-flare outflows. An asymmetric relativistic outflow from a magnetar giant flare produces a... All You Need is not: Beyond the Mean of the Cross-Correlation Estimator when Searching for an Astrophysical Gravitational-Wave Background. This paper investigates the statistical properties of the cross-correlation... From blue to red spirals: Slow galaxy transformation via ram pressure stripping in TNG-50. The paper investigates whether ram-pressure stripping (RPS) alone can transform... Evolution of Neutron Star Environment in the Galactic Halo: Implications for Dark Matter Accretion. Neutron stars (NS) are one of the indirect detection probes for dark matter...

The papers

HXI-DLA2: A Physics-Constrained Deep Learning Algorithm for the ASO-S Hard X-ray Imager — The following is a detailed summary of the scientific paper, quoting relevant sections as requested: Reconstruction of ASO-S/HXI Solar Flare Hard X-ray Source Images with Physics-Constrained Deep Networks The paper addresses the fundamental challenge in solar hard X-ray (HXR) ima [episode]
ATLAS. III. Dust Around Little Red Dots: Hydrogen Line Ratios beyond Dust-free Non-Case B Models — This paper, the third in the Archival and Theoretical study of LRDs with AGN comparison across Surveys (ATLAS) series, investigates broad hydrogen line ratios in little red dots (LRDs) to understand the physical conditions in their central engines, particularly the roles of dense
Real-time observations of the transition to the quiescent state in an accreting magnetised neutron star: No propeller required? — The paper presents the first comprehensive, high-cadence monitoring campaign of the complete transition of the transient X-ray pulsar (XRP) 4U 0115+63 from the accreting regime to the quiescent state, using observations from the NICER X-ray telescope.
PDS 70 c and SR 12 c: Observational Constraints on Giant-Planet and Satellite Formation — I apologize, but you have provided a list of references and citations, but not the actual text of the scientific paper titled "PDS 70 c and SR 12 c: Observational Constraints on Giant-Planet and Satellite Formation." As a diligent researcher where mistakes could cost millions of [episode]
Formation of multiple dust rings and gaps in protoplanetary discs by a single migrating planet. A parameter study in locally isothermal discs — This paper investigates whether a single migrating planet can produce the multiple concentric dust rings and gaps observed in protoplanetary discs by ALMA, particularly at large radii (out to 150 au).
Pulsation periods reveal tension between theoretical and empirical radii for classical Cepheids in eclipsing binary systems — The paper investigates whether the pulsation period of classical Cepheids in eclipsing binary systems can be used as a constraint in matching evolutionary models, and whether it provides information consistent with that based on the stellar radius.
Torsional pseudo-inflation beyond Einstein-Cartan — This paper investigates whether torsion can sustain a quasi-de Sitter inflationary phase in cosmology, revisiting the Einstein–Cartan spin-fluid inflation proposal in a constructive spirit.
Effects of Quantum Spin-Connection Foam in the Solar System, Galaxies, and the Universe — We argue that effects of the quantum spin-connection foam, which describes quantum gravity according to the precanonical quantization of General Relativity, may already be observed in the form of the small cosmological constant and a modification of Newtonian dynamics at small ac
A Diverse Distribution of Black Hole Spins from Stable Mass Transfer — Gravitational wave observations have found over 300 merging binary black holes, yet their origins remain uncertain. Recent work showed that many may come from isolated stellar binaries whose orbits shrink through stable mass transfer.
Baryogenesis and CMB spectral distortion from Axions — The paper discusses a mechanism for generating baryon asymmetry in the early universe using an axion-like particle (ALP) that couples to the U(1)Y gauge field of the Standard Model via a Chern–Simons term.
Toward a unified framework for helium observations and interpretation of atmospheric escape — This paper investigates the observation and interpretation of atmospheric escape in exoplanets, focusing on the metastable helium triplet (He i at 10833 Å) as a tracer. [episode]
A Wandering 35,000-Solar-Mass Black Hole Fed by a Gravitational Wake — The paper reports the discovery of a wandering intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) of approximately 35,000 solar masses that is actively accreting gas through a gravitational wake, providing the first direct observational evidence for this predicted accretion channel.
Exploring the long-term temporal variability in polarization through multi-epoch optical spectro-polarimetry - Part I: A sample of Herbig Ae/Be and classical Be stars — This paper reports a multi-epoch spectro-polarimetric monitoring campaign targeting a sample of Herbig Ae/Be and classical Be stars, conducted using the ProtoPol instrument, a medium-resolution echelle spectro-polarimeter mounted on the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) 2.5m tel
Synchrotron-Regulated Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence: Emission, Polarization, and Faraday Rotation — This paper presents the first relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of driven turbulence with self-consistent synchrotron cooling, using three-dimensional simulations with the Athena++ code.
SIRIUS Project: Dynamical Evolution of Primordial Binaries during Star Cluster Formation — Context. Binary populations are closely linked to the star formation process; however, their primordial properties can be changed by subsequent dynamical interactions within their natal clusters. Aims.
Exploring the long-term temporal variability in polarization through multi-epoch optical spectro-polarimetry - Part II: A sample of symbiotic and red-giant stars — This paper presents a multi-epoch optical spectro-polarimetric survey of a sample of 6 symbiotic stars and 18 red giant stars, observed with the ProtoPol medium-resolution echelle spectro-polarimeter mounted on the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) 2.5m telescope at Mt. [episode]
Bernhard-1: An Eccentric Binary Periodically Obscured by its Misaligned Circumbinary Disk — Bernhard-1 is a proposed KH 15D-like circumbinary disk occultation (CBO) system, but its binary nature and disk geometry have not previously been confirmed. We present new optical and near-infrared spectroscopy together with multi-band photometric monitoring of the system.
Radiative Signatures from Warp Drives Traveling Through the Earth's Atmosphere — This paper investigates the observable signatures of zero-ADM-mass warp-drive spacetimes, specifically the Alcubierre metric, traversing Earth's atmosphere.
Evidence for Solar-Cycle Modulation of the Alpha-to-Proton Temperature Ratio in Solar Wind — This study provides observational evidence that the alpha-to-proton temperature ratio in the solar wind strongly depends on solar wind speed, collisional age, and solar-cycle phase.
Wind-confined jet collimation revealed by the acceleration-phase photosphere of GRB 220426A — We analyze the prompt emission of the exceptionally bright GRB 220426A observed by Fermi/GBM, whose time-resolved spectra are among the narrowest measured in any GRB.
Spectroscopic Binary Detection as Agent-Callable Tools: Detecting 40,000+ Main-Sequence Binary Candidates from SDSS DR19 APOGEE Spectra — Authors: Serat M. Saad and Yuan-Sen Ting (The Ohio State University; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie) arXiv:2608.10866v1 [astro-ph.SR] 11 Aug 2026 --- The paper packages the double-lined spectroscopic binary (SB2) decomposition method of El-Badry et al. [episode]
Observational Insights into Post-Main-Sequence Rotation and Magnetism: 20 Years of Science, from the Subgiant to the White Dwarf Phase — This paper provides a brief overview of recent observational results and their implications for our understanding of stars, focusing on advances in asteroseismology and high-precision spectropolarimetry, and covering stars with low to intermediate masses and their evolution from
Fine-tuning in mixed Dark Matter models with Primordial Black Hole relics — This paper investigates the fine-tuning of a tripartite dark matter (DM) scenario involving ultra-light primordial black holes (PBHs), whose evaporation before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis leaves Planck-mass relics and produces DM particles together with an independently produced DM
Intense but Harmless: Exo-Space Weather Around an M Dwarf with a Single-Hemisphere Dynamo — This paper presents three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on a fully convective M dwarf with a rotation period of 30 days, using a magnetic topology from an exploratory global dynamo simulation exhibiting a single-hemisphere magn
Estimating the local star formation rate density from ASKAP RACS — This paper presents a novel method to estimate the local star formation rate density (SFRD) using supervised machine learning to identify star-forming galaxies (SFGs) from the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS).
An Optically Motivated Gamma-ray Study of Fermi-LAT Novae — The study investigates the relationship between optical and gamma-ray emission from nova eruptions, motivated by the theory that gamma-rays from these systems are generated in collisionless non-relativistic shocks, and that a portion of the optical luminosity is reprocessed shock
JWST Spectroscopy of Type Ia Supernova 2025rbs from Maximum Light to the Nebular Phase — We present JWST observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2025rbs (D = 14.5 Mpc) at +1, +23, and +84 days after B-band maximum, spanning peak light through a wavelength-dependent transition toward the nebular phase.
Two new highly scattered fast radio bursts: evidence for scatter broadening by the circumsource medium — Two new highly scattered fast radio bursts: evidence for scatter broadening by the circumsource medium Abstract We found two highly scattered Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) during commissioning of the Commensal Realtime ASKAP Fast Transient COherent (CRACO) backend.
The generalized second law as a thermodynamic selection criterion for dynamical dark energy — The generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics provides a general physical principle capable of discriminating among the wide variety of generalized horizon entropy proposals and their corresponding modified cosmological models.
Two-Fluid Schwarzschild Solution — The paper presents the interior two-fluid Schwarzschild solution, a model for compact (neutron) stars with admixed dark matter.
Mapping the Inner Milky Way with Infrared-Derived Distances to AGB Stars — The paper "Mapping the Inner Milky Way with Infrared-Derived Distances to AGB Stars" develops a supervised machine-learning model to estimate statistical distances to oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the inner Milky Way, using multi-band infrared photometry.
Transmutation Timescales for Dark Matter Induced Collapse of Compact Stars into Black Holes — Ultra-heavy asymmetric dark matter (DM) particles captured by compact stars can thermalize, self-gravitate, and collapse to form an endoparasitic black hole (EBH), whose subsequent growth may transmute the host star into a black hole.
XRISM Spectroscopy of Variable Accretion-driven Disk Winds in NGC 4151: When, Where, and How Fast Outflows are Launched — The paper reports on a study of variable accretion-driven disk winds in the Seyfert-1 AGN NGC 4151, using 14 XRISM/Resolve observations totaling 0.9 Ms of exposure over 395 days. The analysis is organized around three questions: when, where, and how the winds are launched.
A Pair of Warm Saturn-mass Planets near the 2:1 Mean Motion Resonance around TOI-3850 — The paper reports the detection and characterization of a multi-planet system around TOI-3850 (TIC-143008050), a moderately active, near-solar metallicity G0 dwarf star observed by TESS in Sectors 15, 21, 41, 48, and 75.
Spectral Energy Distribution Analysis for Habitable Worlds Observatory Target Stars — The paper presents a spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis for the 164 stars in the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP) target list.
Long-duration GW Searches for Sub-solar NSs and Superkilonovae using CoCoA — On 2025 August 18, the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA collaboration reported a sub-threshold gravitational-wave (GW) candidate, S250818k, consistent with a binary neutron star (NS) merger potentially involving a sub-solar-mass compact object.
Solar-Cycle Modulation and Photospheric Magnetic Control of Turbulence in the Young Solar Wind — This paper investigates the solar-cycle modulation and photospheric magnetic control of turbulence in the young solar wind, using observations from 25 solar orbits of NASA's Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission combined with a global MHD model, photospheric magnetograms, and extreme
Diameters and Temperatures VII: High-angular resolution measurements of Solar-type stars with the CHARA Array — We present interferometric measurements of angular diameters for 27 nearby solar-type stars obtained with the Precision Astronomical Visible Observations (PAVO) beam combiner at the CHARA Array.
Numerous bow shocks in the outer Helix Nebula — Near the end of their lives, low- and intermediate-mass stars expel metal-enriched material in winds and outflows, ultimately producing planetary nebulae (PNe).
Chemistry here and there: Comparison between the CMZ of the Milky Way and NGC 253 — For decades, chemical studies in external galaxies have been limited by sensitivity, resolution, bandwidth or a combination of them. A decade of ALMA operations, made the detailed study of the molecular abundances in nearby galaxies a routine job.
Eclipses by Artificial Satellites to Measure the Angular Sizes of Stars — Eclipses by artificial satellites can be used to measure the angular sizes of stars, overcoming the optical diffraction limit of telescopes by using time-domain information when stars are eclipsed by foreground objects.
Early Exploration of the Scientific Discovery Space for the Habitable Worlds Observatory — Based on the paper, here is a detailed summary: The paper, "Early Exploration of the Scientific Discovery Space for the Habitable Worlds Observatory," presents the results of a community-wide effort to define the potential scientific scope of the future Habitable Worlds Observato
A new measurement of the FRB DM-galaxy cross correlation and a first joint analysis with the kinematic SZ effect — This paper presents a new measurement of the correlation between the dispersion measure (DM) of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) and the positions of foreground galaxies, using a sample of 130 localized FRBs and the DESI Legacy Survey Bright Galaxy Sample (BGS).
ATLAS22kjn (AT 2022fpx): A Coronal Line Emitter with an Early Light Curve Bump and Mid-Infrared Dust Echo — This paper presents a comprehensive multi-wavelength analysis of the tidal disruption event (TDE) ATLAS22kjn (AT 2022fpx), which exhibits both high-ionisation coronal lines (CLs) and a pre-peak light curve bump.
Evidence for Enhancement in the Rate of Fast Radio Bursts Toward Galaxy Clusters — The paper demonstrates that the second CHIME/FRB baseband catalog contains Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) emitted from within or behind galaxy clusters identified from the latest DECaLS data release.
Fitting trends in quasar emission and absorption line redshifts — The spectrum of a quasar consists of a few emission lines whose wavelengths are shifted by similar redshifts and numerous absorption lines whose wavelengths are shifted by different redshifts.
Magnetic fields in extreme primordial halos: turbulent collapse and implications for early quasar formation — This paper explores the evolution of magnetic fields in an extreme primordial halo, a rare high-sigma peak in the cosmic density field, using cosmological high-resolution magneto-hydrodynamical zoom-in simulations.
Opposition effect of comet 28P/Neujmin observed with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam — The paper presents an observational study of the nucleus of comet 28P/Neujmin using the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) on the 8.2-m Subaru Telescope, with observations conducted at heliocentric distances exceeding 10 au where coma contamination is effectively minimized. [episode]
All You Need is not gw: Beyond the Mean of the Cross-Correlation Estimator when Searching for an Astrophysical Gravitational-Wave Background — This paper investigates the statistical properties of the cross-correlation estimator C̄f used in searches for the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) from astrophysical sources, specifically compact binary coalescences (CBCs).
Electromagnetic responses driven by gravitational-wave memory in magnetar-flare outflows — An asymmetric relativistic outflow from a magnetar giant flare produces a step-like gravitational-wave (GW) memory.
From blue to red spirals: Slow galaxy transformation via ram pressure stripping in TNG-50 — The paper investigates whether ram-pressure stripping (RPS) alone can transform blue spiral galaxies into red spirals in low-mass group environments, using the TNG-50 cosmological simulation.
Evolution of Neutron Star Environment in the Galactic Halo: Implications for Dark Matter Accretion — Neutron stars (NS) are one of the indirect detection probes for dark matter (DM). The presence of DM is known to affect the observable properties of NS.